Installing Kubernetes

Kubernetes Configuration.

Four major installation types.

• All-in-One Single-Node Installation.
  • Master and worker are installed and running on a single-node
  • Useful for learning, development and testing.
  • Should not be used in production.
  • For instance Minikube.
• Single-Node etcd, Single-Master and Multi-Worker Installation.
• Single-Node etcd, Multi-Master and Multi-Worker Installation.
  • Multiple Master nodes configured in HA mode.
  • Multiple worker nodes are connected to the master nodes.
• Multi-Node etcd, Multi-Master and Multi-Worker Installation.
  • etcd is configured in clustered HA mode.
  • Master nodes are all configured in HA mode, connecting to multiple worker nodes.
  • This is the most advanced and recommended production setup.

Infrastructure for Kubernetes Installation.

After installation type was chosen. we need to make some Infrastructure-related decision, such as

• Should we setup K8s on
  • bare metal
  • public cloud
  • private cloud
• Underlying OS ?
  • RHEL?
  • CoreOS?
  • CentOS?
  • ?
• Which networking solution should we use?
• And so on.
• More details on the official doc

Localhost Installation

only a few option for localhost installation available to deploy single or multi-node k8s cluster on our workstation/laptop.

• Minikube single-node local k8s cluster. recommended
• Docker Desktop single-node local k8s cluster for Windows and Mac
• CDK on LXD multi-node local cluster with LXD containers.

On-Premise Installation.

K8s can be installed on-premise on VMs and bare metal.

• On-Premise VMs
  • via Vagrant, VMware vSphere, KVM, or another Configuration Management tool in conjunction with a hypervisor software.
  • Tools
    • Ansible
    • kubeadm
• On-Premise Bare Metal
  • Need underlying OS like RHEL, CoreOS, CentOS, Fedora, Ubuntu, etc.
  • Most of the tools used to install K8s on VMs can be used with bare metal installations as well.

Cloud Installation

• Hosted Solutions
  Any given software is completely managed by the provider. The user pay hosting and management charges. Some of the vendors providing hosted solutions for k8s are :
  • Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)
  • Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
  • Amazon Elastic Container Servcie for Kubernetes (EKS)
  • DigitalOcean Kubernetes
  • OpenShift Dedicated
  • Platform9
  • IBM Cloud Kubernetes Service
• Turnkey Cloud Solutions.
  install Kubernetes with just a few commands on an underlying IaaS platform, such as :
  • Google Compute Engine(GCE)
  • Amazon AWS(AWS EC2)
  • Microsoft Azure(AKS)
• Turnkey On-Premise Solutions
  Install Kubernetes on secure internal private clouds with just a few commands:
  • GKE On-Prem by Google Cloud
  • IBM Cloud Private
  • [OpenShift Container Platform] (https://www.openshift.com/products/container-platform/) by Red Hat

Kubernetes Installation Tools/Resources official docs

• kubeadm
  • first-class citizen on the k8s ecosystem.
  • recommended way to bootstrap a single- or multi-node k8s cluster.
  • kubeadm doesn't support the provisioning of hosts.
• kubespray
  • formerly known as kargo
  • based on Ansible.
  • It is a Kubernetes Incubator project
  • Install Highly Available K8s on AWS, GCE, Azure, OpenStack, or bare metal.
• kops
  • create, destroy, upgrade and maintain production-grade, highly-available k8s cluster from the command line.
  • It can provision the machines.
  • AWS is officially supported.
  • Support for GCE is in beta.
  • Support for VMware vSphere in alpha stage.
• kube-aws
  • create, upgrade and destroy k8s clusters on AWS from the command line.
  • It is also K8s Incubator project.